Tokyo, August 31, 2024 — Japan is taking significant steps to address its labor shortage by promoting the adoption of a four-day workweek. The government’s initiative aims to encourage more companies and individuals to consider shorter workweeks as a solution to the nation’s growing employment challenges.
In 2021, the Japanese government began endorsing the concept of a shorter working week, but progress has been slow. Currently, only about 8% of companies in Japan offer three or more days off per week, while 7% provide the legally required one day off, according to the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare.
To boost adoption, the government has launched a “work style reform” campaign, which includes providing free consulting, grants, and a library of success stories to motivate businesses, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises. The campaign, known as hatarakikata kaikaku or “innovating how we work,” seeks to create a flexible work environment that promotes a balance between work and personal life.
Despite these efforts, uptake has been limited. For example, out of 63,000 eligible employees at Panasonic Holdings Corp., only 150 have opted for a four-day schedule. This slow response highlights the challenges of changing deeply ingrained work habits in a country known for its rigorous work culture.
Japan’s commitment to improving work-life balance represents a notable shift from its traditional work ethos, which has long been characterized by intense dedication and long hours. The country has faced criticism for its work culture, with terms like karoshi (death from overwork) reflecting serious issues related to excessive working hours. A government white paper reports at least 54 such fatalities annually.
The push for a four-day workweek is part of a broader strategy to address Japan’s declining birth rate and aging population. Proponents argue that a shorter workweek could help retain workers who are raising children, caring for elderly relatives, or seeking better work-life balance. For instance, Akiko Yokohama, an employee at Spelldata, a Tokyo-based technology company, has found the extra day off each week invaluable for managing personal and family responsibilities.
Several major companies, including Fast Retailing Co., Shionogi & Co., and Hitachi, have already adopted four-day workweeks. The finance sector is also embracing the trend, with SMBC Nikko Securities Inc. and Mizuho Financial Group offering shorter schedules.
Despite some skepticism that a four-day workweek may lead to longer hours for less pay, there are signs of change. A recent Gallup survey indicated that Japan ranks among the lowest globally in employee engagement, with only 6% of Japanese workers feeling highly involved in their jobs compared to a global average of 23%.
Kanako Ogino, president of Tokyo-based NS Group, believes that flexible work hours are crucial for attracting and retaining talent, particularly in the service industry. Her company offers 30 different scheduling options, including the four-day workweek, and regularly surveys employees to accommodate their preferences.
As Japan navigates these reforms, the success of the four-day workweek initiative will depend on overcoming cultural barriers and demonstrating that a more flexible work environment can benefit both workers and employers alike.
Source: AP
